Most of this section is fairly easy. I won't spent much time on it. The "describe how schema objects work" could potentially be very difficult depending on how detailed a description that desire.
List the capabilities of SQL SELECT statements
A select statement is used to query information from the database. You can query information from tables, views, sequences, and synonyms. You can limit the information selected with where clauses. You can join information from various sources with joins. The select statement also allows you to apply built-in and user generated functions to the retrieved data. Aggregate functions such as sum, average, and count can also be applied to data sets.
Execute a basic SELECT statement
select * from dual;
select tran_name, tran_type as Ronk from tran_master;
Describe how schema objects work
Schema objects are logical data records. They include tables, views, sequences, stored procedures, synonyms, triggers, and constraints.